Selected Bibliography on Medieval Logic: General Studies. (First Part: A - K)

 

Detailed Index of the Section "History of Logic in Relationship to Ontology"

Second Part of the Bibliography on the Medieval Logic: L - Z

BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Sprache und Erkenntnis im Mittelalter. Edited by Beckmann Jan P. et al. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter 1981.
   Akten des VI. Internationale Kongresses für mitteralterliche Philosophie der Société Internationale pour l'Étude de la Philosophie Médiévale (29. August- 3. September 1977 in Bonn).
   Two volumes.
2. The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy from the Rediscovery of Aristotle to the Disintegration of Scholasticism 1100-1600. Edited by Kretzmann Norman, Kenny Anthony, and Pinborg Jan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1982.
3. Archéologie du Signe. Edited by Brind'Amour Lucie and Vance Eugène. Toronto: Pontifical Institute of Medieval Studies 1983.
4. The Seven Liberal Arts in Middle Ages. Edited by Wagner David Leslie. Bloomington: Indiana University Press 1983.
   See Chapter 5: Dialectic by Eleonore Stump, pp. 125-146.
5. Mediaeval Semantics and Metaphysics. Studies Dedicated to L. M. de Rijk. Edited by Bos Egbert Peter. Nijmegen: Ingenium Publishers 1985.
   Contents: Curriculum vitae IX; List of publications 1947-1984 IX; Theses accomplished under the supervision of L. M. de Rijk XXIV; Introduction XXV-XXIX; Klaus Jacobi: Diskussionen über unpersönliche Aussagen in Peter Abaelardes Kommentar zu Per hermeneias 1; Desmond Paul Henry: Abelard's mereological terminology 65; C. H. Kneepkens: Kilwardby versus Bacon? The contribution to the discussion on univocal signification of Beings and Non-Beings found in a Sophism attributed to Robert Kilwardby 111; Text 126; Jean Jolivet: Logique cathare: la scission de l'universel 143; Jan A. Aersten: Der wissenschaftstheoretische Ort der Gottesbeweise in der Summa Theologie des Thomas von Aquin 161; Antonie Vos: On the philosophy of the young Duns Scotus. Some semantical and logical aspects 195; Alfonso Maierù: Á propos de la doctrine de la supposition en théologie trinitaire au XIV siècle 221; Norman Kretzmann and Eleonore Stump: The anonymous De arte obligatoria in Merton College U. S. 306 239; Edition 243 - Translation 251 - Notes on the edition 261 - Notes on the Treatise 261; Ria van der Lecq: John Buridan on the intentionality 281; E. P. Bos: Peter of Mantua's Treatise 'De veritate et falsitate, sive De taliter et qualiter' 291; Gabriel Nuchelmans: Stanislaus of Znaim (d. 1414) on the truth and falsity 313; Indexes 339; Index of manuscripts 341; Index of ancient and mediaeval names 343; Index of modern names 347.
6. Logic and the Philosophy of Language. Edited by Kretzmann Norman and Stump Eleonore. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1988.
   The Cambridge Translations of Medieval Philosophical Texts. Volume 1.
7. Meaning and Inference in Medieval Philosophy. Studies in Memory of Jan Pinborg. Edited by Kretzmann Norman. Dordrecht: Kluwer 1988.
   Contents: Norman Kretzmann: Introduction IX-XII; L. M. de Rijk: On Boethius's Notion of Being: A Chapter of Boethian Semantics 1; Eleonore Stump: Logic in the Early Twelfth Century 31; Gabriel Nuchelmans: The Distinction Actus Exercitus/Actus Significatus in Medieval Semantics 57; Robert Andrews: Denomination in Peter of Auvergne 91; Sten Ebbesen: Concrete Accidental Terms: Late Thirteenth-Century Debates About Problems Relating to Such Terms as 'Album' 107; Reinhard Huelsen: Concrete Accidental Terms and the Fallacy of Figure of Speech 175; Paul Vincent Spade: The Logic of the Categorical: The Medieval Theory of Descent and Ascent 187; Norman Kretzmann: Tit Scis Hoc Esse Omne Quod Est Hoc: Richard Kilvington and the Logic of Knowledge 225; Alfonso Maierù: Logic and Trinitarian Theology: De Modo Predicandi ac Sylogizandi in Divinis 247; Lauge Olaf Nielsen: A Seventeenth-Century Physician on God and Atoms: Sebastian Basso 297; Bibliography 371; Index of Persons 395-400.
   
   "The ten contributors to this volume hope to honor Jan Pinborg's memory by presenting studies and texts relevant to his own scholarly interests in medieval philosophy, particularly in logic and semantic theory. Though not every one of the ten studied or worked with Jan Pinborg, all of us learned a great deal from his writings. One or two of the contributors, having studied with a student of Jan's, can lay claim to being his academic grandchildren; but those of us who were born before Jan are also deeply in his debt. The ten contributions are arranged approximately in the chronological order of their subject matter.
   L. M. de Rijk, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Leiden, ranging over Boethius's Aristotelian commentaries and theological treatises with his well-respected authority, finds new material for Boethius's semantic theory in his metaphysics and theology and, in the process, sheds light on Boethius's difficult and historically important conception of being.
   Eleonore Stump, Professor of Philosophy at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, well-known for her own work on Boethius, here describes a critical development in the history of the dialectical Topics and shows how it can be used to help explain the new direction taken by the terminist logicians of the first half of the thirteenth century.
   Gabriel Nuchelmans, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at the University of Leiden and author of an important series of volumes on the development of theories regarding propositions, analyzes the medieval distinction between doing something linguistically and merely talking about it, bringing out the remarkable power and range of medieval logicians' applications of the distinction.
   The fourth, fifth, and sixth contributions form a connected series, all focusing on semantic issues associated with the treatment of concrete accidental terms (such as 'white') by medieval logicians, and all stemming from a seminar conducted at the University of Copenhagen. The first of these three pieces is by Robert Andrews, a PhD candidate at Cornell University who studied for a year at the Copenhagen Institute; he focuses on problems of denomination - the sort of relationship that obtains between 'literacy' and 'literate' - and presents an edition of a relevant text by Peter of Auvergne. The centerpiece of this set of three contributions is the one contributed by the professor who conducted the seminar, Sten Ebbesen, whose three-volume study of Greek and Latin commentaries on Aristotle's Sophistici elenchi is truly monumental. Here he considers the elaborate medieval analysis of the way in which a concrete accidental term manages to have a conceptually unitary meaning despite both signifying a quality and indicating that the quality has a bearer. He concludes his contribution with an edition of Peter of Auvergne's sophisma Album potest esse nigrum. Reinhard Hülsen, a PhD candidate of the Philosophisches Institut of the University of Hamburg, who also studied at Copenhagen with Ebbesen, is the third of this trio of contributors. He uses the medieval treatment of concrete accidental terms to illuminate the notoriously perplexing Aristotelian fallacy of "figure of speech".
   Paul Vincent Spade, Professor of Philosophy at Indiana University, editor or translator of several medieval logical treatises and author of many valuable articles, focuses on a peculiar logical doctrine attached to the medieval semantic theory of suppositio in order to explain certain philosophical and historical developments in the latter half of the thirteenth century.
   Norman Kretzmann, Susan Linn Sage Professor of Philosophy at Cornell University and principal editor of The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy, presents a critical analysis of one of Richard Kilvington's sophismata in order to illustrate the achievements of later medieval epistemic logic. He provides an edition and translation of Kilvington's Sophisma 45.
   Alfonso Maierù, Professor of Philosophy at the University of Rome, to whom all students of medieval logic are grateful for his Terminologia logica, here carries on his study of medieval attempts to develop a logical account of the intricacies of the divine Trinity, primarily by presenting an edition and study of an anonymous treatise of this sort from the late fourteenth century.
   Lange Olaf Nielsen, a Danish theologian and church historian who studied at the Copenhagen Institute with Jan Pinborg and who is doing important work on the connections between philosophy and theology in the later Middle Ages, here extends his study chronologically into the seventeenth century with a remarkably rich paper on the hitherto neglected atomist Sebastian Basso." (from the Introduction, pp. X-XII)
8. Contemporary philosophy. Vol. 6.1: Philosophy and science in the Middle Ages. Edited by Guttorm Floistad. Amsterdam: Kluwer 1990.
   See the section: Language, Logic and Science: Jan Pinborg: Grammar 779; Irène Rosier: Grammaire 783; John A. Trentman: Logic 805; Christopher J. Martin: Research in early Medieval Logic 821; Miche Lemoine: La lexicographie 829-835.
9. De Ortu Grammaticae. Studies in Medieval Grammar and Linguistic Theory in Memory of Jan Pinborg. Edited by Bursill-Hall Geoffrey L., Ebbesen Sten, and Koerner Konrad. Amsterdam: Benjamins 1990.
10. Argumentationstheorie. Scholastische Forschungen zu den logischen und semantischen Regeln korrekten Folgerns. Edited by Jacobi Klaus. Leiden: Brill 1993.
11. Glosses and Commentaries on Aristotelian Logical Texts. The Syriac, Arabic and Medieval Latin Tradition. Edited by Burnett Charles. London: Warburg Institute 1993.
    Contents: Preface 1; Sebastian Brock: The Syriac Commentary Tradition 3; Henri Hugonnard-Roche: Remarques sur la tradition arabe de l'Organon d'aprés le manuscrit Paris, Bibliothèque nationale, ar. 2346 19; Dimitri Gutas: Aspects of Literary Form and Genre in Arabic Logical Works 29; John Marenbon: Medieval Latin Glosses and Commentaries on Aristotelian Logical Texts, Before c. 1150 AD 77; Sten Ebbesen: Medieval Latin Glosses and Commentaries on Aristotelian Logical Texts of the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries 129; Index of Names 179; Index of Manuscripts 183; Index of Incipits 190-192.
12. Logica e linguaggio nel Medioevo. Edited by Fedriga Riccardo and Puggioni Sara. Milano: LED - Edizioni Universitarie di Lettere Economia Diritto - Milano 1993.
13. Sophisms in medieval logic and grammar. Edited by Read Stephen. Dordrecht: Kluwer 1993.
    Acts of the Ninth European Symposium for Medieval logic and semantics, held at St Andrews, June 1990.
14. Medieval Analyses in Language and Cognition. Edited by Ebbesen Sten and Friedman Russell. Copenhagen: Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters 1999.
    Acts of the symposium The Copenhagen School of Medieval philosophy January 10-13, 1996 organized by The Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters and The Institute for Greek and Latin, University of Copenhagen.
15. Théories de la phrase et de la proposition de Platon à Averroés. Edited by Büttgen Philippe, Dieble Stéphane, and Rashed Marwan. Paris: Éditions Rue d'Ulm 1999.
    Sommaire: Philippe Büttgen, Stéphane Diebler et Marwan Rashed: Avant-propos VII-IX; I. Aux origines ontologiques du langage rationnel; Claude Imbert: Le dialogue platonicien en quête de son identité 3; Denis O'Brien: Théories de la proposition dans le Sophiste de Platon 21; Francis Wolff: Proposition, être et vérité: Aristote ou Antisthène? 43; II. Entre logique et sémantique: l'autonomie problématique de la théorie aristotélicienne; Barbara Gernez: La théorie de la lexis chez Aristote 67; Jacques Brunschwig: Homonymie et contradiction dans la dialectique aristotélicienne 81; Pierre Chiron: La période chez Aristote 103; III. La théorie stoïcienne et ses enjeux; Jean-Baptiste Gourinat: La définition et les propriétés de la proposition dans
    le stoïcisme ancien 133; Frédérique Ildefonse: La théorie stoïcienne de la phrase (énoncé, proposition) et son influence chez les grammairiens 151; Marc Baratin: La conception de l'énoncé dans les textes grammaticaux latins 171; IV - D'Aristote à l'aristotélisme; Henri Hugonnard-Roche: La théorie de la proposition selon Proba, un témoin syriaque de la tradition grecque (VIe siècle) 191; Philippe Hoffmann: Les analyses de l'énoncé: catégories et parties du discours selon les commentateurs néoplatoniciens 209; Abdelali Elamrani-Jamal: La proposition assertorique (de inesse) selon Averroès 249; Ali Benmakhlouf: Averroès et les propositions indéfinies 269; Maroun Aouad: Les prémisses rhétoriques selon les Isarat d'Avicenne 281; Épilogue; Jean Jolivet: Sens des propositions et ontologie chez Pierre Abélard et Grégoire de Rimini 307; Index des auteurs anciens 325; Index des auteurs modernes 333-336
16. Medieval and Renaissance Logic in Spain. Edited by Angelelli Ignacio and Pérez-Ilzarbe Paloma. Hildesheim: Georg Olms 2000.
    Acts of the 12th European Symposium on medieval logic and semantics, held at the University of Navarre (Pamplona, 26-30 May 1997).
    Table of Contents: Preface VII; List of Contributors IX-X; Section I. Peter of Spain and his commentators. Mikko Yrjönsuuri: Words and things in Pter of Spain's Syncategoremata 3; José Miguel Gambra: The fallacy of the accident in Peter of Spain's Tractatus and in other Thirteenth-century works 21; Sten Ebbesen, Irène Rosier-Catach: Robertus Anglicus on Peter of Spain 61; Dino Buzzetti: Blasius Pelacani, the paradoxes of implication and the notion of logical consequence 97; Alfonso Maierù: Antonio da Scarperia's Commentary on Peter of Spain's Tractatus 137; Section II. Studies on Spanish logical texts. José Angel García Cuadrado: TRadition and innovation in the logical treatises of St. Vincent Ferrer (1350-1419) 159; Joke Spruyt: Some remarks on semantic topics in two Spanish tractus de Consequentiis 183; L. M. de Rijk: Logica Morelli. Some notes on the semantics fo a Fifteenth century Spanish logic 209; Angel D'Ors: "Dubium proponitur": Andrés Limos and the Treatise on Obligations 225; Paloma Pérez-Ilzarbe: Time and propositions in Jerónimo Pardo 251; Joël Biard: Les trois "voies" selon les textes logiques de Jean de Celaya 275; E. J. Ashworth: Domingo de Soto on Obligationes: his use of Dubie positio 291; Ria van der Lecq: Domingo de Soto on Universals and the ontology of intentions 309; E. P. Bos: Nature and number of the Categories and the dvision of Being according to Domingo de Soto (1495-1560) 327; William McMahon: The Categories in some post-medieval Spanish philosophers 355; Section III. Other studies. C. H. Kneepkens: The Absoluta cuiuslibet attributed to P. H. Some notes in his transmission and the use made of it by Robert Kilwardby and Roger Bacon 373; Lynn Cates: Lull's modal voluntarism 405; Allan Bäck: The structure of Scotus' formal distinction 411; Christopher J. Martin: Logic for distinctions: Peter of Navarre and the Scotistic treatment of impossible hypotheses 439; Indexes: Index of manuscripts 467; Index of names 471; Index of concepts 477-479
17. The Cambridge translations of medieval philosophical texts. Mind and knowledge. Edited by Pasnau Robert. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2002.
18. Medieval Theories on Assertive and Non-Assertive Language. Edited by Maierù Alfonso and Valente Luisa. Firenze: Leo S. Olschki 2004.
    Acts of the 14th European Symposium on medieval logic and semantics. Rome, June 11-15 2002.
19. Mediaeval and Renaissance Logic. Edited by Gabbay Dov and Woods John. Amsterdam: Elsevier 2008.
    Handbook of the History of Logic: vol. 2.
    Contents: Dov M. Gabbay and John Woods: Preface VII; List of Contributors IX; John Marenbon: Logic before 1100: the Latin tradition 65; Ian Wilks: Peter Abelard and his contemporaries 83; Terence Parsons: The development of Supposition Theory in the later 12th through 14th centuries 157; Henrik Lagerlund: The assimilation of Aristotelian and Arabic logic up to the later thirteenth century 281; Ria van der Lecq: Logic and theories of meaning in the late 13th and early 14th century including the Modistae 347; Gyula Klima: The nominalist semantic of Ockham and Buridan: a 'rational reconstruction' 389; Catarina Dutilh Novaes: Logic in the 14th century after Ockham 433; Simo Knuuttila: Medieval modal theories and modal logic 505; Mikko Yrjönsuuri: Treatments of the paradoxes of self-reference 579; E. Jennifer Ashworth: Developments in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries 609; Peter Dvorák: Relational logic of Juan Caramuel 645; Russell Wahl: Port-Royal: the stirrings of modernity 667; index 701.
20. The Word in Medieval Logic, Theology and Psychology. Edited by Shimizu Tetsuro and Burnett Charles. Turnhout: Brepols 2009.
    Acts of the XIIIth International Colloquium of the Société Internationale pour l'Étude de la Philosophie Médiévale. Kyoto, 27 September-1 October 2005.
    Table of Contents: Tetsuro Shimizu: Introduction 1; Irène Rosier-Catach: The Augustinian Threefold Word and Angelic Mental Speech 15; Katherine H. Tachau: Words for Color: Naming, Signifying and Identifying Color in the Theologies of Roger Bacon and His Contemporaries 49; Taki Suto: Logic and Grammar in Boethius: A Logical Analysis of the Parts of Speech 65; Yukio Iwakuma: Vocales Revisited 81; Christopher J. Martin: Imposition and Essence: What's New In Abaelard's Theory of Meaning? 173; Charles Burnett: The Theory and Practice of Powerful Words in Medieval Magical Texts 215;
    Steven Harvey: Logic, Theology and the Beginning of Medieval Jewish Philosophy 233; Yoshimori Ueeda: Thomas Aquinas, Being and Actuality 245; Matthew Kostelecky: Verbum, Thomas Aquinas and the Via negativa 261; Shinsuke Kawazoe: Verbum and Epistemic Justification in Thomas Aquinas 273; Richard Cross: The Mental Word in Duns Scotus and Some of His Contemporaries 291; Simo Knuuttila: Meaning and Essence in Thomas Aquinas, John Duns Scotus and William of Ockham 333; Joël Biard: Verbe, signe, concept: L'effacement du verbe interieur au XIV' siècle 347; Luisa Valente: Verbum mentis - Vox clamantis: The Notion of the Mental Word in Twelfth-Century Theology 365; Alain de Libera: Langage negatif et negativité chez Maitre Eckhart 403; Index of Manuscripts 429; Index of Ancient and Medieval Names 431; Index of Modern and Contemporary Authors 435.
21. The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy. Edited by Pasnau Robert. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 2010.
    Two volumes.
    "The present pair of volumes succeeds, without superseding, The Cambridge History of Later Medieval Philosophy, published in 1982 by Norman Kretzmann, Anthony Kenny, Jan Pinborg, and Eleonore Stump. It is a considerable privilege to edit the successor to Kretzmann et alii, for that volume distils the work of a brilliant generation of scholars without whom our own scholarly careers would be almost inconceivable. These volumes are entirely new, but we expect their predecessor will remain valuable for many years to come, especially for its detailed treatment of medieval theories of logic and the philosophy of language.
    The present volumes differ most notably from their predecessor in three ways: first, their scope extends not just to Christian but also to Islamic and Jewish thought; second, they cover not only the later Middle Ages but also earlier centuries; third, they addresse in some detail the entire spectrum of medieval thought, including philosophical theology.
    Each chapter in these volumes stands on its own, but there are numerous points of contact between chapters, and we have liberally supplied cross-references. One could thus in principle begin reading anywhere and eventually, by following these links, make one's way through the whole. Readers will also want to consult the biographies of medieval authors, in Appendix C, for extensive information on the lives and work of the figures discussed in the chapters." (from the Preface).
    
    See i particular the Section II: Logic and language. Chapter 10: Christopher J. Martin: The development of logic in tweltfh century 129; Chapter 11: E. Jennifer Ashworth: Terminist logic 146; Chapter 12: Gyula Klima: Nominalist semantics 159; Chapter 13: Stephen Read: Inferences 173; Chapter 14: Paul Vincent Spade: Sophismata 185; Chapter 15: Irène Rosier-Catach: Grammar 196-216.
22. Abelson Paul. The Seven Liberal Arts. A study in mediaeval culture. New York: Teachers' College, Columbia University 1906.
    Reprint: New York, Russell & Russell, 1965.
    See Chapter VI: Logic pp. 72-89.
23. Arens Hans, "Verbum Cordis. Zur Sprachphilosophie des Mittelalters," Historiographia Linguistica 7: 13-25 (1980).
24. Ashworth Earline Jennifer. Terminist logic. In The Cambridge History of Medieval Philosophy. Vol I. Edited by Pasnau Robert and Dyke Christina van. Cambridge: Cambrisdge University Press 2010. pp. 146-158
25. Barth Else M. The logic of the articles in traditional philosophy. Dordrecht: Reidel 1974.
26. Bäck Allan. The ordinary language approach in Traditional logic. In Argumentationstheorie. Scholastische Forschungen zu den logischen und semantischen Regeln korrekte Folgerns. Edited by Jacobi Klaus. Leiden: Brill 1993. pp. 507-530
27. Bäck Allan. On reduplication. Logical Theories of Qualification. Leiden, New York, Köln: E. J. Brill 1996.
28. Bianchi Simona, "La trasmissione della logica aristotelica nell'Occidente latino : il caso del Peri hermeneias di Apuleio," Studi Medievali 36: 63-86 (1995).
    "L'importanza del Peri hermeneias, di dubbia paternità apuleiana, per la conoscenza del pensiero logico aristotelico in periodo tardo antico e medievale fino al 12° sec., quando la nascita delle Università e la diffusione in traduzione latina dei commenti arabi ad Aristotele ne rendono superata la trattazione e ne favoriscono il pressoché totale oblio."
29. Biard Joël, "La logica del Medioevo, oggi," Paradigmi.Rivista di Critica Filosofica 17 (50): 207-241 (1999).
30. Bird Otto, "The Formalizing of the Topics in Mediaeval Logic," Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 1: 138-149 (1960).
31. Bochenski Joseph, "On analogy," Thomist 11: 424-447 (1948).
32. Boh Ivan, "The "conditionatim"-clause: one of the problems of existential import in the history of logic," Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic 18: 459-466 (1977).
    "An attempt is made to provide a "missing link" in the history of the problem of existential import of standard categorical propositions by examining the late-medieval compilation "Parvulus logice" and finding there a promising direction toward modern interpretation. The anonymous author realizes that an existential assumption must be made for affirmative propositions to secure the validity of A I, but curiously he adds the assumption conditionally rather than conjunctively and this not only for "A" but also for "I" propositions. he latter insistence leads to unacceptable consequences, even if one accepts the medieval maxim that negative propositions have no existential import; but dropping the "conditionatim"-clause requirement for "I" propositions and insisting on it for "A" propositions only would yield precisely the "modern" Square."
33. Boh Ivan, "Epistemic and alethic iteration in later medieval logic," Philosophia Naturalis 24: 492-506 (1984).
34. Boh Ivan. Epistemic logic in the later Middle Ages. New York: Routledge 1993.
35. Bottin Francesco. Le antinomie semantiche nella logica medievale. Padova: Antenore 1976.
36. Broadie Alexander. Introduction to medieval logic. Oxford: Clarendon Press 1993.
    Second revised edition; first edition 1987.
37. Coxito Amandio. Lógica, semântica e conhecimento na escolástica peninsular pré-renascentista. Coimbra: Biblioteca Geral da Universidade 1981.
38. D'Onofrio Giulio. Fons scientiae. La dialettica nell'Occidente tardo-antico. Napoli: Liguori 1986.
39. Dürr Karl, "Aussagenlogik im Mittelalter," Erkenntnis 7: 160-168 (1938).
40. Ebbesen Sten, "The dead man is alive," Synthese 40: 43-70 (1979).
41. Ebbesen Sten. Commentators and Commentaries on Aristotle's Sophistici Elenchi. A Study of Post-Aristotelian Ancient and Medieval Writings on Fallacies. Leiden : Brill 1981.
    · Vol. I: The Greek Tradition; Vol. 2: Greek Texts and Fragments of the Latin Translation of "Alexander's" Commentary; Vol. 3: Appendices, Danish Summary, Indices.
42. Ebbesen Sten. Ancient Scholastic logic as the source of medieval Scholastic logic. In The Cambridge history of later medieval philosophy from the rediscovery of Aristotle to the disintegration of Scholasticism 1100-1600. Edited by Kretzmann Norman, Kenny Anthony, and Pinborg Jan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press 1982. pp. 101-127
43. Ebbesen Sten. The Odyssey of Semantics from the Stoa to Buridan. In History of Semiotics. Edited by Eschbach Achim and Trabant Jürgen. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company 1983. pp. 67-85
    Reprinted as Chapter 3 in: Greek-Latin Philosophical Interaction, Collected Essays of Sten Ebbesen, Vol. 1, Aldershot, Ashgate, 2008, pp. 21-33.
44. Ebbesen Sten, "Western and Byzantine approaches to logic," Cahiers de l'Institut du Moyen-Âge Grec et Latin 62: 167-178 (1992).
45. Ebbesen Sten, "What must on have an opinion about," Vivarium 30: 62-79 (1992).
46. Ebbesen Sten. The theory of loci in Antiquity and the Middle Ages. In Argumentationstheorie. Scholastische Forschungen zu den logischen und semantischen Regeln korrekten Folgerns. Edited by Jacobi Klaus. Leiden: Brill 1993. pp. 15-40
47. Ebbesen Sten, "Greek and Latin medieval logic," Cahiers de l'Institut du Moyen-Âge Grec et Latin 66: 67-95 (1996).
48. Ebbesen Sten, "The way fallacies were treated in scholastic Logic," Cahiers de l'Institut du Moyen-Âge Grec et Latin 55: 107-134 (2001).
49. Ebbesen Sten. Greek-Latin philosophical interaction . In Byzantine philosophy and its ancient sources. Edited by Ieradakonou Katerina. Oxford: Clarendon Press 2002. pp. 15-30
    Reprinted as Chapter 2 in: Collected Essays of Sten Ebbesen Volume 1: Greek-Latin philosophical interaction - Aldershot, Ashgate, pp. 7-20
50. Ebbesen Sten, "The Traditions of Ancient Logic-cum-Grammar in the Middle Ages -- What's the Problem?," Vivarium 45: 136-152 (2007).
51. Ebbesen Sten. Topics in Latin philosophy from the 12th-14th centuries. Aldershot: Ashgate 2009.
    Collected Essays of Sten Ebbesen Volume 2
52. Ebbesen Sten. Topics, fallacies and sophismata. Aldershot: Ashgate 2011.
    Not yet published.
    Collected Essays of Sten Ebbesen Volume 3.
53. Eco Umberto, "Signification and denotation from Boethius to Ockham," Franciscan Studies 44: 1-29 (1984).
54. Eco Umberto. Denotation. In On the medieval theory of signs. Edited by Eco Umberto and Marmo Costantino. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: Benjamins 1989. pp. 43-77
    Translated in Italian as Appendix 1 to: U. Eco - Kant e l'ornitorinco - Milano, Bompiani 1997
55. Edwards Sandra, "Some medieval views on identity," New Scholasticism 51: 62-74 (1977).
    "The purpose of the article is to examine and reconstruct two contrasting medieval views of identity and non-identity. First the relativist positions of Aquinas and Scotus are examined and an attempt is made to reconstruct them to accommodate relativization to Leibniz's law via different levels of discernibility and indiscernibility. Next the absolutist position of Ockham is examined along with his reasons for rejecting relativization. An attempt is made to show how he could handle the problems of his predecessors through the doctrine of supposition of terms rather than relativization. Ockham's view is briefly compared with some twentieth century absolutist positions."
56. Epstein Richard, "A theory of truth based on a medieval solution to the Liar Paradox," History and Philosophy of Logic 13: 149-177 (1992).
57. Geach Peter. A history of the corruptions of logic: an inaugural lecture. Leeds: Leeds University Press 1968.
    Delivered before the University of Leeds on 22 January 1968; reprinted in: Logic matters - Oxford, Basil Blackwell, 1972, chapter 1.5 pp. 44-61.
58. Geach Peter Thomas. Reference and Generality. An Examination of Some Medieval and Modern Theories. Ithaca: Cornell University Press 1962.
    Second emended editon 1968; Third revised and expanded edition 1980.
59. Green-Pedersen Niels Jørgen. The Tradition of the Topics in the Middle Ages. The Commentaries on Aristotle's and Boethius' 'Topics'. Münich: Philosophia Verlag 1984.
60. Green-Pedersen Niels Jørgen, "The topics in medieval logic," Argumentation 1: 407-417 (1987).
    "The topics is a theory of argumentation based upon topoi or in Latin loci. The medieval logicians used works by Aristotle and Boethius as their sources for this doctrine, but they developed it in a rather original way. The topics became a higher-level analysis of arguments which are non-valid from a purely formal point of view, but where it is none the less legitimate to infer the conclusion from the premiss(es). In this connection the topics give rise to a number of discussions about the form and the matter of arguments. Further the topic contribute to the elaboration of the important doctrine of the second intentions, i.e. higher-level concepts of the particular things. In some respects the topics may be said to form a link between formal and informal logic. The topics vanished as a part of logic at the end of the Middle Ages, perhaps because the medieval logicians never got rid of Boethius' claim to have compiled a complete list of the loci, which was an unlucky one. The topics does not have an exact parallel in modern formal logic, but some reflections on non-formal argumentation by recent authors contain certain resemblances to it."
61. Gyekie Kwame, "The terms Prima intentio and Secunda intentio in Arabic logic," Speculum 46: 32-48 (1971).
    "The more passages one examines in the translations from Arabic to Latin and from Arabic to English and other modern languages, the more mistakes one comes across in the translation of the Arabic expression ala al-qasd al awwal (or, 'ala al-qasd al thani). The mistakes stem from the failure to distinguish between two senses of the expression, one an adverb, and the other a famous philosophic concept. Failing to distinguish between the two senses, the translators translated the phrase literally, often with unsatisfactory results. In this paper, I shall indicate a Greek word which was rendered by the Arabic 'ala al-qasd al-awwal. I shall refer to some English translations from the Arabic and show how wrong they are. I shall suggest that in Arabic philosophy itself al-Farabi, rather than Avicenna, may have been the origin of the philosophic concepts of "first and second intentions." I shall point out that although these concepts may have been introduced into Latin scholasticism by Raymond Lull, he could not have derived theni from the Logic of al-Ghazali, as has been alleged."
62. Henry Desmond Paul. Medieval logic and metaphysics. A modern introduction. London: Hutchinson University Library 1972.
    Contents: Preface IX-X; References and Abbreviations XI-XIII; Part I: Introduction. §1 Medieval philosophy and medieval logic 1; §2 Medieval logic and modern logic 2; §3 Preliminary survey 4; Part II: Ontology. §1 Names 16; §2 Functors and quantification: informal exposition 18; §3 Punctuation 32; §4 Definitions 35; §5 Axiom and deductions 38; Part III: Applications. §1 Suppositio and modern logic 47; §2 Anselmian regresses 56; §3 Existence and inclusion 67; §4 Negation and non-being 73; §5 Ockham and the formal distinction 88; §6 Being, essence and existence 95; §7 The ontological argument 101; §8 Abelard on increase 118; Index -131-133.
    
    "§ 2. Medieval logic and modern logic. At this point the question may well be raised as to the extent to which contemporary studies of medieval logic are capable of fulfilling the sort of promise outlined above. Medieval logic was a philosophical logic, closely geared to philosophical themes. What then could a purely formalist logic, interested purely in combinations of uninterpreted notation, have in common with medieval logic? Again, assuming that this first difficulty may be obviated by the use of a non-formalist type of modern logic, the fact still remains that both in logic and metaphysics the medievals used a highly systematised Latin, extremely rich and daring in its proliferation of forms of speech belonging to recondite semantical categories. How then is it possible for a philosophical formal logic of the current sort in this respect to rival and exceed (as it must) the medieval artificialised language? Finally, the medievals were blithely uninhibited by any of the dark and knotty controversies which have arisen as a result of our contemporary entanglement of the notion of existence with the device central to modern formal logic, namely the device of quantification (cf. II §2). How then can modern logic, caught as it is in this entanglement, recapture the untrammelled approach to existence enjoyed by its medieval predecessors?
    (...)
    At the present juncture, therefore, in the light of these remarks and others which will be cited in III §1, it would appear that explanations in ordinary language, with only rare and occasional help from the language of formal logic in comparatively uninteresting contexts, is the most that can be expected of the history of medieval logic. Under these circumstances the promise of the sort of definitive conclusions which formal logical analysis would provide concerning the sense and validity of medieval logical and philosophical theses seems to be impossible of fulfillment.
    Fortunately it happens that there exists a system of modern formal logic; unfamiliar to many logicians and philosophers, and sometimes misunderstood by others, which allows the investigator to overcome all of the difficulties stated above, and from the standpoint of which many of the further difficulties which may still be raised can be satisfactorily resolved. This logic is that of the Polish logician S. Lesniewski (1886-1939), a partial account of which may be found in Part II below. This logic is anti-formalist, in that its theorems are interpreted truths, and not mere syntactically-permissible combinations of uninterpreted marks (cf. II §0.00). It has the capacity for the introduction of indefinitely many new parts of speech (semantical categories) and hence can adapt itself to the required degree of exactitude for the purpose of analysing medieval logic, as Part III will demonstrate. It employs an interpretation of the quantifiers which allows dissociation of the latter from its usually necessary entanglement with the notion of existence (II §2.23, II §2.25), and so is in a position to come to more exact terms with medieval discourse on this topic.
    It follows that the purpose of the present work is three-fold. After the preliminary consideration of the field which is contained in this introduction, a practical account of one of the central theories of Lesniewski, namely his Ontology, will be presented in Part II. Thus armed, we will be in a position to expose in detail in Part III some examples of the way in which Ontology may be used in the analysis of medieval themes.
    Now this may all sound to be a formidable undertaking for those readers who are no logicians, and they may feel tempted to remain at the level of analyses and explanations conducted in everyday language, with perhaps a few elementary terms or scraps of notation from current logic or linguistics thrown in. Indeed, there may be some who in spite of their own logical competence are as yet unconvinced of the value of making a text intelligible in the light of a fully systematised language, and who would protest that if intelligibility cannot be offered by explanation in terms of comparatively ordinary language, then so much the worse for the medievals who insist on being unintelligible in this way. To such objection three types of reply are possible. First, efforts have been made in Part II to give an explanation of Lesniewski's Ontology, with which we are to be mainly concerned, of so elementary a nature as to be easily grasped by all who have only the slightest acquaintance with the logic of propositions and the notion of quantification. Secondly, as has already been contended above, the highly systematised technical logical Latin of the medievals involved the introduction of new parts of speech which stand outside the elucidatory capacities of ordinary language. Thirdly, even if ordinary language is itself artificialised somewhat in the medieval sort of style, there are limits to its intelligibility unless the analysis is carried forward into a fully systematic language such as that of Ontology. Partly in support of this contention an effort will now be made to give a preliminary appreciation and survey of the nature of themes which are to be touched upon in Part III. In the course of this effort ordinary language will be strained to the uttermost in order to come to terms with the way in which the scholastics modified such language for technical purposes. Even this straining will, in the end, be found wanting; this will convey concretely the necessity of going yet further, to the fully artificial language outlined in Part II." pp. 2-4
63. Henry Desmond Paul, "Medieval metaphysics and contemporary logical language," Topoi.An International Review of Philosophy 1: 43-51 (1982).
64. Henry Desmond Paul. New aspects of medieval logic. In Atti del convegno internazionale di storia della logica. Edited by Abrusci Michele, Casari Ettore, and Mugnai Massimo. Bologna: CLUEB 1983. pp. 59-68
65. Henry Desmond Paul. That most subtle question (Quaestio Subtilissima). Manchester: Manchester University Press 1984.
    The Metaphysical Bearing of Medieval and Contemporary Linguistic Disciplines
66. Hubien Hubert, "Logiciens médiévaux et logique d'aujourd'hui," Revue Philosophique de Louvain 75: 219-233 (1977).
67. Jolivet Jean, "Vues médiévales sur les paronymes," Revue Internationale de Philosophie 21: 222-242 (1975).
68. Jolivet Jean. Eléments pour une étude des rapports entre la grammaire et l'ontologie au Moyen Age. In Sprache und Erkenntnis im Mittelalter. Edited by Beckmann Jan P. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter 1981. pp. 135-164
    Akten des VI. internationalen Kongresses für mittelalterliche Philosophie der Société internationale pour l'étude de la philosophie médiévale, 29. August-3. September 1977, Bonn
69. Kann Christoph. Terminology and etymology in medieval logic. In L'élaboration du vocabulaire philosophique au Moyen Age. Edited by Hamesse Jacqueline and Steel Carlos. Turnhout: Brepols 2000. pp. 489-509
70. Kann Christoph. Medieval logic as a formal science. In Foundations of the formal sciences IV. The history of the concept of the formal sciences. Edited by Löwe Benedikt, Peckhaus Volker, and Räsch Thomas. London: College Publications 2006. pp. 103-123
    "The paper discusses in how far medieval logic can appropriately be characterized as a formal science. In this respect, the special medieval approach to logic as a scientia sermocinalis is examined as well as its main doctrines, namely the theories of supposition and of consequences, and the famous characterization of logic as an ars artium or scientia scientiarum. It is pointed out that medieval logic is not devoted to the setting up of formal systems or any metalogical analysis of formal structures. Logic in the medieval sense of the discipline is necessarily connected with semantical aspects of natural language. Accordingly, we are confronted with a discipline going far beyond the formal structures of discourse. The classification of medieval logic as a formal science is appropriate only under selected perspectives."
71. Klima Gyula. The Square of Opposition, common personal supposition and the identity theory of predication within quantification theory. In Ars Artium: essays in philosophical semantics. Budapest: 1988. pp. 249-267
72. Klima Gyula. Ars artium: essays in philosophical semantics, mediaeval and modern. Budapest: Institute of philosophy of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences 1988.
73. Klima Gyula. Approaching natural language via mediaeval logic. In Zeichen, Denken, Praxis. Edited by Bernard J. and Kelemen J. Vienna: Institut fur Sozio-Semiotische Studien 1990. pp. 249-267
74. Klima Gyula, "Ontological alternatives vs. alternative semantics in medieval philosophy," Logical Semiotics, S - European Journal for Semiotic Studies 3: 587-618 (1991).
75. Klima Gyula. Existence and reference in mediaeval logic. In New essays in free logic. Edited by Morscher Edgar and Hieke Alexander. Dodrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers 1995. pp. 197-226
76. Klima Gyula. Contemporary Essentialism vs. Aristotelian Essentialism. In Mind, metaphysics, and value in the thomistic and analytical traditions. Edited by Haldane John.University of Notre Dame Press 2002. pp. 175-194
77. Knuuttila Simo. Modalities in obligational disputations. In Atti del convegno internazionale di storia della logica. Le teorie della modalità. San Gimignano, 5-8 dicembre 1987. Edited by Corsi Giovanna, Mangione Corrado, and Mugnai Massimo. Bologna: CLUEB 1989. pp. 79-92
78. Knuuttila Simo. Modalities in medieval philosophy. New York: Routledge 1993.
79. Knuuttila Simo. On the History of Theory of Modality as Alternativeness. In Potentialität und Possibilität. Modalaussagen in der Geschichte der Metaphysik. Edited by Buchheim Thomas, Kneepkens Corneille Henri, and Lorenz Kuno. Stuttgart: Frommann-Holzboog 2001. pp. 219-236
80. Knuuttila Simo. How theological problems infuenced to development of medieval logic? In "Ad Ingenii Acuitionem". Studies in honour of Alfonso Maierù. Edited by Caroti Stefano et al. Louvain-la-Neuve: Fédération Internationale des Instituts d'Études Médiévales 2006. pp. 183-198
81. Kretzmann Norman, "Medieval logicians on the meaning of the Propositio," Journal of Philosophy 67 (20): 767-787 (1970).
    "When the medievals spoke of a propositio they were speaking not of a propositional content but of a propositional sign, written or spoken or mental. I shall use the word 'proposition' in this paper in order to speak of written or spoken propositional signs-type-sentences or token-sentences in the indicative mood. Mental propositional signs I shall call mental propositions. I shall simplify the topic by considering only completely general, nonindexical propositions, those whose meaning and truth value remain the same regardless of who utters them or the circumstances of their utterance.
    I am taking it for granted that a complete theory of linguistic meaning must include accounts of what signs stand for and of what signs convey-broadly speaking, a theory of reference and a theory of sense. I believe that medieval logicians produced a theory of reference and a theory of sense for propositions, but in two separate developments, without recognizing that the theories were complementary. One of these was terminism, the semantic theory characteristic of terminist logic. Briefly, terminism is an elaborate analysis of the ways in which all the words making up the proposition affect one another's reference or logical status. The other development consists in a family of semantic, logical, epistemological, and ontological doctrines centering around the notion of the significatum, or enuntiabile, or dictum of the proposition. I shall speak of this development, and especially of its semantic component, as dictism.
    In this paper I want to give some idea of the nature of these two developments and to suggest that we can piece together the most complete theory of propositional meaning medieval logic has to offer if we take terminism as a theory of propositional reference and dictism as a theory of propositional sense. I shall begin by considering terminism from that point of view."
82. Kretzmann Norman, "'Sensus compositus, sensus divisus', and propositional attitudes," Medioevo.Rivista di Storia della Filosofia Medievale 7: 195-230 (1981).

 

 

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